Marketing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Marketing Management - Essay Example The company employs about 55,000 people in over 200 countries around the world. In India, Cadbury has been operating for more than 55 years as Cadbury’s India, a wholly owned subsidiary of Cadbury’s Schweppes. It has been ranked 5th in he FMCG sector in a survey conducted by Business World magazine (Scribd, 2009) In India, the company caters to three main segments: 1. Chocolates – Cadbury’s are the market leaders in India in this segment with over 70% market share. The leading brands in this category include the Dairy Milk, Crackle, Fruit & Nut, Temptations, 5 Star, Perk & Celebration Gift Boxes. The company has been able to change the cultural habits of the Indian that has traditional not eaten chocolates (Leahy, 2009). While the company has about 70% share of the chocolates market and about 15% of the food drinks market in India, as far as the sugar confectionery is concerned, Cadbury’s share is a mere 4% share in this category (Value Notes 2009). The sugar confectionery category contributes mere 12% to the company’s revenue and the company is not expecting any major success in the short run. Competitive brands such as Hershey’s of the US are tying up with well known brands such as Godrej in India (Gopalan, 2007). This would give tough competition to Cadbury’s. This report would evaluate the marketing mix of Cadbury’s in India and recommend the marketing mix to augment the sales of sugar confectionery in the Indian market. The confectionery industry is highly competitive in any market and each company has to compete with many multi-national, regional and national brands (Scribd, 2009). Competition revolves around taste, quality, price, packaging and advertising and promotional programs. Globally the chocolate confectionery market is very strong but the sugar confectionary market is fragmented. The Indian sugar confectionery market includes products such as sweets, jellies and

Life Function Essay Example for Free

Life Function Essay In many different types of health care settings there will be a chain of management and four major functions of management that will help the business flow smoothly in the right direction for the managed care of the patients that they will receive from the facility, and this structure will also allow the organization to grow as a team, and benefit the facility and the community at the same time in a cost effective way. This paper will identify the major functions, and how it applies to managing others, and it will also explain what the most important role for a health care manager and leader in the diversified health care industry. I will then give my opinion on what the most significant aspect related to health care management that I would like to gain by taking this course in my field of study. There are four major functions of management in a health care setting which are organizing, planning, controlling, leading and all managers on any type of level are responsible for following and achieving each function of management on a daily basis, and the first function of management that will be described is organizing. Organizing is a function of management that gives out job assignments and tasks, locating resources, make and coordinate the work for the people of the organization so that the plan can be implemented and followed through with. This function allows managers to dissect the inner side of the process and give input that will help form the nature of the facility, and the next function of management is planning. Planning is a function of management that goes through a process of making objectives for performance and deciding what steps should or should not be taken in order to achieve the goal of the employer and the employee at the same time. The manager’s job is to notice the accomplishment of the end work of the employee, make choices and decisions for the good of the company, and make a trail to be followed by other employees to steadily improve the goals of the organization, and the next function of management is controlling. Controlling is a function of management that focuses on work performance measurement, looking at the end results and seeing if it matches the objectives, and finally fixing any things that needs to be corrected before the final inspection of the finished product. A manager’s job in this function is to stay in direct contact with the employee’s throughout their work assignment, gather information and interpret performance reports, and the information is then used to plan constructive action and change. The last function of management to be discussed is leading. Leading is a function of management that focusses on exciting the enthusiasm of the employees so that they will work hard to succeed, and accomplish the tasks at hand. A manager’s job through this function is to continuously build commitments, encourage the activities of employee’s to help support the goals of the organization, and to influence the employee’s to do give their all and perform to the best of their ability on behalf of the organization which whom he or she works for, and all four of these functions of management help to run the organization on an everyday basis. Each of these four functions of management applies to managing employees within an organization through the structure each function provides in aiding to the development of the organization, the benefits of the employees, the structure and development of the facility, the service being provided and the community who all seek some type of service that this organization will provide. The most important role for a health care manger and leader in the diversified health care industry is to make sure the patient safety and health care needs are met, organize, plan, control, and lead the employees in their work responsibilities, and keep the company running effectively and comfortably for all people involved for the success of the organization. The most significant aspect related to health care management that I would like to gain by taking this course of study would be to learn the job of a health care professional, and a health care manager while being able to obtain clarity to each separate function and utilize both the experience and knowledge gained throughout my health care profession, and how to keep everyone involved an on track in the care of patients health within the organization. In conclusion the health care field has many steps it goes through on a daily basis so that the organization can function correctly and effectively. In this paper the four major functions of management have been identified, and applied to managing others in the industry, the most important role for a health care manager and leader in the diversified health care industry have been explained, and what the most significant aspect related to health care management that I want to gain in this course of study is.

Strengths and Weaknesses of the Treaty of Versailles

Strengths and Weaknesses of the Treaty of Versailles On the 28th June 1919, Germany resentfully signed the most famous treaty ever, Versailles. Although years of readjusting the treaty followed, this essay will focus mainly on the strengths and weaknesses of the 440 articles in 1919. The Treaty followed a massive war, with huge human sacrifice. It was supposed to be the Treaty to end all wars and give security to the countries involved. The overwhelming task that laid ahead for Woodrow Wilson (America), Lloyd George (Great Britain), Clemenceau (France) and Orlando (Italy) was on a bigger scale than any previous delegates had had to deal with. One of the biggest interpreted weaknesses was the economics and reparations. Firstly, it highlighted the weaknesses of the delegates forming the Treaty, as they had to listen to public demand which had been exaggerated due to the scale and length of the war. An example was Lloyd George who was pressured from conservatives for harsh reparations, Geddes, a conservative politician hailed the words we shall squeeze the German lemon until the pips squeak.  [1]  Packer declared Lloyd George did not believe in harsh reparations  [2]  , but George added extras to the original reparations such as war pensions to please the conservatives because the original amount based on war damage gave Britain a very little. Kitchen showed and I agree that there was little Lloyd George could do about the situation as no politician would have survived if he had suggested that Germany should be forgiven.  [3]  However, Lentin disagreed, thinking that public opinion created pressure but had no imp act on the Treaty. He later contradicted himself by proclaiming that the one of the causes of the delay in announcing reparations because the delegates believed that the public would never be satisfied with the guaranteed amount.  [4]  Therefore, public opinion had to be acknowledged and satisfied to a certain extent. This meant the Treaty did not always accomplish what was needed such as lower reparations. The biggest weakness with the reparations was the total amount ( £600 million) Germany had to pay. Keynes, who scathingly criticised the Treaty of Versailles, heavily condemned the reparations as Britain depended on the revival of trade, especially with Germany,  [5]  but Germany needed to increase their exports and decrease their imports. This would decrease trade with Britain and lose Britain money. Feldman, although I disagree, supported Keynes believing that the economic and financial settlements were horrendous failures.  [6]  This was an extreme view and seemed to ignore the circumstances the delegates were dealing with. There were poor decisions but Feldman over-exaggerated. Nicolson argued that it was not excessively harsh economically to Germany.  [7]  However, although it was not excessively harsh, I believe it was too harsh for Germany to even begin to comprehend, especially when territory and economics are combined. Germany lost 13.5% of their territory incl uding 8% of German coal production. Germany lost 10% of her population as well as 1.7 million people in the war. Population creates manpower for industry. This might not seem a lot however, when you add  £600 million in reparations, the loss can seem great and perhaps the Treaty harsh. This shows another weakness of the Versailles Treaty, as no suitable amount for Germany to pay was reached discrediting the treaty. However it could be deemed an unavoidable weakness as the reparations were decreased in the 1920s but the Germans still felt it was unfair. Another weakness of the Treaty of Versailles was the disarmament hypocrisy. The League of Nations articles asserted that any discrepancies would be sorted through the League and not by war. Therefore there was no need for any country to have large armies; however Germany was forced to disarm to a 200,000 volunteer army, showing how the points were used selectively. During the revisionist period Germany complained about the unjust nature of disarmament. Therefore disarmament can be viewed as a weakness as it highlights the unjust part of the Treaty but it shows that Germany was always going to come back with revenge. Germany was unified in its pride in its military. Carr argued that Germanys rise in 1920s was inevitable as it was unreasonable to impose a position of permanent inferiority on a great power.  [8]  This was true, but unavoidable; France wanted to know that Germany could not attack them. However, if the hypocrisy previously mentioned did not exist, and everyone had dis armed, then the situation could have been different. Isolating Germany in disarmament and the League of Nations was a bad idea, as they used it as an excuse to break the Treaty later, which was one of the causes of the Second World War. The Treaty had the aim of prolonged peace, and the isolation through disarmament was one of the reasons it did not fulfil its aim. The failure of the League of Nations was a huge weakness; it failed because America, Russia and Germany were omitted. The League could not make decisions about the world without three of the most influential countries. The League was bypassed when Italy seized Corfu, causing embarrassment for the League as it showed a lack of power. The League might not have been certain to succeed, but if the League had put its countries beliefs behind, and the worldwide affairs first, it would not be deemed such a weakness. The League of Nations had strengths too, it was the first time the idea have been put into practise trying some ideologically and practically new to keep the peace worldwide. The League introduced medical measures that had not been in states before 1914. This was a very credible strength from the Treaty of Versailles. It really was evidence of the Versailles Treaty trying to keep prolonged peace. The compromises in the Treaty created strengths and weaknesses. These compromises had left historians to debate as to whether the Treaty would have been stronger if it had been harsher or softer. Marks perfectly described the Treaty as too soft to restrain Germanyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ yet too severe to be acceptable toGermans.  [9]  It was viewed too harsh in terms of reparations, disarmament and territory. The consequence of this was Germany convincing others it was too harsh bringing the revisionism viewpoint of the 1920s which had been adopted by Britain. Revisionism allowed the Germans to undo some of the Treatys main clauses such as self-determination, reparations and disarmament. Revisionism has been linked to the rise of Nazism and also the Second World War. The Versailles Treaty aimed to keep prolonged peace, the weakness of the compromise shows a failure of the Treaty. A soft treaty would have been impossible, the after war feeling was to enforce a vindictive peace to help res tore some of the hurt caused during the war that Germany was blamed for starting. However , it seemed that no matter how soft the Treaty would have been Germany would have wanted to change it. I agree with Kitchen that ultimately no amount of revision would have satisfied the Germans.  [10]   The strength of the Versailles Treaty compromises was that most of the clauses were very just, especially considering the circumstances. An example of this would be the Rhineland, France wanted to occupy it, however the other delegates knew that it would only cause outrage in Germany, and would strike revenge, therefore they created a compromise where the Rhineland would remain unoccupied and demilitarized. Another way to view the compromises as strength is looking at Germanys Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, an obviously overly harsh Treaty imposed on Russia after they withdrew from the war. This strength does not disregard mistakes in the compromises and in the Treaty; however it highlights that within the circumstances it was a commendable agreement. However, the strengths and weaknesses could be argued to be unavoidable. The Treaty regardless of its content was never going to last. Mattrl pointed out the undeniable point that before the ink had dried on the Treaty of Versailles, the move ment to destroy ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦had begun.  [11]  Therefore the weaknesses mentioned would not have been weaknesses had German accepted losing the war and the terms. The Treaty would not have been so heavily criticised and littered with failures if it had been enforced. The Treaty could have been successful but once the Treaty had been signed; the alliance had crumbled, worsened by different ideas on how to enforce the Treaty. France wanted to make sure the clauses were imposed on Germany as harsh as possible; however Britain began to revise the Treaty. Germany complained about the Treaty, believing it was unjust, when in reality it was mainly fair. For example, if disarmament had been enforced, Germany would not have been able to annex Czechoslovakia, which was a cause of the Second World War. Germany was also left to decide about whether they could afford the reparations, and obviously, as they did not want to have this article imposed on them, they often escaped doing it, to a standard that could easily create weaknesses in the Versailles Treaty. Marks correctly explained that the delegates erroneously believed that Germany would abide by thei r decisions,  [12]  this highlighted one of the many reasons why enforcement of the Treaty failed. Another reason for the lack of enforcement was that the allies were not loyal to each other; they just won the same war that they fought for different reasons. Therefore, the Treaty could be argued to have exposed weaknesses due to the lack of enforcement as opposed to the original articles. It can be argued that there are less strengths than weaknesses in the Treaty of Versailles but it is often forgotten that the biggest strength is far more significant than most of the weaknesses. The momentous task that lied ahead of the delegates was incomprehensible; 10 million people lost their lives alongside the new style of warfare. The war came to an abrupt end and there were complex issues alongside contradicting viewpoints. The short amount of time they had, and the amount they had to handle creates the strength as they were able to form a Treaty which although has been criticised with many weaknesses, also has commendable articles and decisions. It must never be forgotten that the Treaty was produced attempting long-term peace whilst punishing the losers of the war, as most Treaties do. If the Treaty had been accepted by the Germans, it could have been an established peace settlement. In conclusion, there are many strengths and weaknesses of the Treaty of Versailles, from the ideological revolution in the League of Nations, to the lack of considered economics in the reparations and loss of territories. However, the Treaty should be commended as one of its own time, that regardless of its contents would have been changed and adjusted as no Treaty had ever involved so many world and European powers. Marks convincingly summed up the Treaty by rightly claiming that the Treaty was a product of its time representing the feelings of the time; therefore its duration was limited seeing as the reality of the feelings of 1919 was limited.  [13]  

Lord of the Flies :: English Literature

Lord of the Flies - review. The book Lord of the Flies is about a plane full of boys crashing on a deserted island. On the island the boys try to build a civilized colony but soon fail. Within the novel, objects that the boys find or make, turn into symbols. William Golding uses symbols in the beginning of the book, the conch is a good example of this. The conch is a powerful symbol that develops as the book progresses. The author puts a lot of detail into this one symbol. The conch is a very important symbol that at the beginning of the book is invested with power and at the end this power is destroyed. The conch during the beginning of the novel shows leadership, power, and order. During the beginning Ralph finds the conch and blows it to assemble all the survivors of the plane crash. At this time the author tells us a little about the conch."Yet most powerful, there was the conch. The being that had blown that ... was set apart"(11). Right after the conch was discovered it is portrayed as being powerful and whoever has it, is special, showing leadership. The boys pick Ralph because he has the conch, which proves its significance and leadership. Another example of its power is when Ralph speaks on pages 31 and 32 saying people can only talk if they have the conch and that this person will not be interrupted. When the children obey this rule about the conch it tells how this conch has power, creates order and symbolizes rules. It is clear that the conch is invested with power during the beginning and that it is already an important symbol. The power from the conch develops further on in the middle book, and soon holds a civilizing force over the boys, which can be interrupted as an important symbol for civilization. The power from the conch in the beginning of the book is strong but further on the power degrades. Ralph proves that the conch has a force over the boys. "Ralph had to wave the conch once more" (85). Ralph waves it to make silence to prove the power of the conch and everyone obeys this gesture. However he has to wave it again proving the power is degrading because at first he only had to wave the conch once. Just this alone shows the force the conch has over the boys. When the boys obey the conch and when the conch is around, the boys act civilized and obey rules. This proves the conch can be interpreted as a symbol for civilization.

Life of Pi Essay

Here in Life of Pi the protagonist’s struggle for survival in the middle of an unheedful ocean is done in a tone that echoes the sound of a well-written work of fiction being read out aloud. Life of Pi is a story about struggling to survive through seemingly insurmountable odds. The shipwrecked inhabitants of the little lifeboat don’t simply concede to their fate: they actively fight against it. The human mind is an amazing instrument. In the face of the horrors of life, it creates a magical story that allows it to continue living with truths otherwise might not be able to accept. The struggle for existence, the struggle for survival, and the inner strength we have to find and tame before we can become master of our existence, are all realities which we have difficulty admitting. The struggle is with a young male that is vegetarian and Richard Parker is the capitalist within himself that he must struggle to overcome so he can be free to live the way he wants to, as a totally tolerant of all things vegetarian in Canada. While Pi has been starving, and the fish offer a sudden abundance of food, Pi–being a vegetarian–won’t eat the fish because it violates his beliefs, but his struggle to â€Å"dominate† Richard Parker is the dominating of his appetites. The food Pi has been eating from the lifeboat supply is destroyed by the tail of the whale, demonstrating the importance of food in the film, and how Pi learns he can’t survive on just earthly food, or just heavenly food, but that he needs both, Pi abandons his lifelong vegetarianism and eats the fish to sustain himself. Summing up the emotion behind the struggle Pi encountered, while he was on the boat, Pi states, â€Å"My face set to a grim and determined expression. I speak in all modesty as I say this, but I discovered at that moment that I have a fierce will to live. It’s not something evident, in my experience. Some of us give up on life with only a resigned sigh. Others fight a little, then lose hope. Still others–and I am one of those–never give up. We fight and fight and fight. We fight no matter the cost of battle, the losses we take the improbability of success. We fight to the very end. It’s not a question of courage. It’s something constitutional, an inability to let go. † (Martel 164) This quote is inspirational and relates to Pi’s personality. Despite the fact that he faced many struggles throughout the novel (majorly part 2), he managed to remain optimistic and determined to find a way to escape. In most cases, a person would have just given up under the circumstances he fell under, but Pi had faith in getting off the ship and finding land. He never gave up despite the fact that he knew that he’d never see his family again, and he had to survive for 227 days with a ferocious tiger, and little food. The odds against his survival were prominently against his favor, but that didn’t stop him. He had to overcome his fear of killing animals in his struggle for survival. Pi went from hesitating to kill a fish, to becoming comparable to a professional fisherman. Although there were many thoughts going through his head to just jump off the boat and put an end to everything, his perseverance overcame his doubt and he did anything possible to survive. Personally I can see myself saying what Pi stated. I’m a determined individual, and if I really want something, I will go to great lengths to get what I want.

Time and Time Again!

Time and Time Again! Over the years, I've watched him grow. Through the baby stages to death. I've seen the struggles, the joy, the despair. It was all clear. He never gave a thought, that he wasn't alone in his room. He was never alone, I was there. I was there in the walls, the dirty carpet he refused to clean, in the posters, the holes, in that stinky boy smell he emitted as a teen. I was there for him, strong and sturdy as the walls. Comforted him as he sobbed on my carpet. I was his escape, his punishment. When he knew noone else was there, he would run to me. I was there.I was there for his arrival. I was there to watch him all bundled up and warm, smiling and asleep, more peaceful then he'll ever be as he grows old. I was there to soothe him asleep, as his mother drinks downstairs, and his father leaves.TRUSTI was there for his first steps. I was there to guide him along my walls, begging for love and affection. I was there to praise him. I was there.I was there when he entered grade school. I was there to comfort him when the kids teased him. He had no mother, no father. Endless torments berated him. I was there to hold him. I was there.I was there when he was 17. I was watching as he tied the rope to the fan. I was there for the plans, the preparation, and the event itself. I was there to pry the fan loose from the drywall. I was there.I was there when he was 34. Living alone, safe and captive in my walls. I was there as he arranged my insides to their cleanest perfection. I was there...